The Roman Remains at the Great Sphinx of Giza

Appendix 1

Images of the Roman Period Remains at the Great Sphinx of Giza

Unless stated otherwise, all photographs below date to Baraize's excavations between 1925-1936.

A photograph of the Roman staircase, probably taken from the head of the Great Sphinx. There is no evidence of the upper flight of stairs recorded by Henry Salt in 1817. Instead a paved pathway leads off towards the east beyond the remains of the small structures recorded by Salt as being at the foot of the most easterly flight of stairs.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Black and White Photo 02395 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 7". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

A view of the Roman staircase from the elbow of the Sphinx's northern foreleg. The narrow staircase to its left (north) is still partially preserved to this day.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004144 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

An alternative view of the Roman staircase from the south west. The photographer is standing on top of the causeway of Khafre's pyramid. Part of the causeway can be seen in the foreground.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004149 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

Another view of the Roman staircase taken from the south of the Great Sphinx.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004152 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

A view of the Roman staircase taken from the south. This photograph in particular clearly illustrates the relationship of the Sphinx to the Roman staircase.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Black and White Photo 02377 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 7". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

The narrow staircase adjoining and to the north of wide Roman staircase which remained undiscovered during Caviglia's excavations of 1817.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Black and White Photo 02394 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 7". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

Detail of the narrow staircase showing a later stone structure partially built over it.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004206 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

The remnants of the narrow northern staircase photographed in 1980 by Mark Lehner.

Image Details: Mark Lehner. "Color Photo 020156 from Egypt/Giza/Sphinx Amphitheater/Sphinx Ditch/Sphinx Northeast". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

The remnants of the narrow staircase and the Roman period pavement leading up to the Great Sphinx photographed by Mark Lehner in 1979.

Mark Lehner. "Black and White Photo 01993 from Egypt/Giza/Sphinx Amphitheater/Sphinx Ditch/Sphinx East/Roman Pavement". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

Field plan of the Roman pavement created by Mark Lehner in 1979.

Image Details: Mark Lehner. "Drawing d-e-042 from Egypt/Giza/Sphinx Amphitheater/Sphinx Ditch/Sphinx East". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

The northern side of the platform above and immediately to the east of the Roman staircase. The view is from the south east. It appears to show two levels of flooring, the lower level is possibly contemporary with the New Kingdom structures to the east of the Great Sphinx which are generally constructed of mud brick. Alternatively the lower level may be a foundation level for the upper.

All that remains of the upper level is some finely carved stone that defined the outer edge of the platform. This phase of construction probably dates, and was connected, to the Roman period stone staircase immediately to the east of the Sphinx.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Black and White Photo 02396 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 7". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

Another view of the northern side of the platform immediately to the east of the Roman staircase. The view is from the south and slightly to the west.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004193 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

The south eastern corner of the Roman platform viewed from the north west. The two distinct layers of the floor are clearly visible.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004228 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

A narrower pathway connecting the eastern edge of the platform to the second flight of stairs which had disappeared by the time of Baraize's excavations. The partial remains of the pedestal/station, reconstructed in an illustration by Salt, are still visible.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004221 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

Illustrations of the Roman pedestal uncovered by Caviglia in 1817. The lower image is a speculated reconstruction of how it may have originally looked by Henry Salt.

A close-up of the eastern face of the pedestal once illustrated by Henry Salt. Salt showed this at the foot of a second flight of stairs ascending to another higher level to the east.

Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Color Photo 004239 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 2". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0

  • Click here to go to Appendix 2 (Images of the New Kingdom and Old Kingdom Remains uncovered by Baraize below the Roman Remains at the Great Sphinx)

  • Click here to go to Appendix 3 (Images and Translations of some of the Greco-Roman Inscriptions uncovered at the Great Sphinx)

  • To return to the main article click here.

Title Image Details: Archives Lacau, Centre Golenischeff, EPHE, PSL. "Black and White Photo 02377 from Egypt/Giza/Unspecified Sphinx Area 7". (2017) In ARCE Sphinx Project 1979-1983 Archive. Mark Lehner, Megan Flowers, Rebekah Miracle (Eds.) . Released: 2017-12-23. Licensed under CC by 4.0